2027 Medicare Part B Premium and IRMAA Tracker
The premium is a projection. The part you can act on — which tax year sets your surcharge — is already settled.
What will Medicare Part B cost in 2027, and what sets my IRMAA?
Projected, not official. The 2026 Medicare Trustees Report estimates a standard Part B premium of $209.50 per month for 2027, up from $202.90 in 2026 — roughly 3.25%. CMS sets the binding premium and deductible in its annual announcement, usually around mid-November. Separately, your 2027 IRMAA is determined by modified adjusted gross income on your 2025 federal return because IRMAA uses a two-year lookback.
- PROJECTED 2027 standard Part B premium: $209.50/month.
- 2026 official standard premium: $202.90/month.
- Final CMS number lands ~mid-November and can land above or below the projection.
- 2027 IRMAA starts at 2025 MAGI above $112,000 single / $224,000 joint (calculated under 42 U.S.C. §1395r(i)(5)).
- Your 2025 tax return sets your 2027 IRMAA (two-year lookback).
- 2026 income sets 2028 IRMAA — that is the year you can still influence.
- Life-changing event? Appeal with Form SSA-44.
Source:2026 Annual Report of the Medicare Boards of Trustees
2027 IRMAA brackets
The income thresholds are calculated, not estimated: 42 U.S.C. §1395r(i)(5) indexes them to CPI-U, and the same formula reproduces every CMS threshold for 2024, 2025 and 2026. IRMAA applies when 2025 MAGI is more than $112,000 (single, head of household or qualifying surviving spouse) or $224,000 (married filing jointly).
| Tier | Single / HOH (2025 MAGI) | Married filing jointly | Married filing separately* | Part B / month | Part D add-on |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Standard | $112,000 or less | $224,000 or less | $112,000 or less | $209.50 | $0 |
| 1 | More than $112,000, up to $141,000 (or $142,000) | More than $224,000, up to $282,000 (or $284,000) | Not used | $293.30 | +$15.40 |
| 2 | More than $141,000 (or $142,000), up to $176,000 (or $177,000) | More than $282,000 (or $284,000), up to $352,000 (or $354,000) | Not used | $419.00 | +$39.70 |
| 3 | More than $176,000 (or $177,000), up to $211,000 (or $212,000) | More than $352,000 (or $354,000), up to $422,000 (or $424,000) | Not used | $544.70 | +$64.00 |
| 4 | More than $211,000 (or $212,000), under $500,000 | More than $422,000 (or $424,000), under $750,000 | More than $112,000, under $388,000 | $670.40 | +$88.30 |
| 5 | $500,000 or more | $750,000 or more | $388,000 or more | $712.30 | +$96.40 |
*Married filing separately and you lived with your spouse at any time in 2025. If you lived apart all year, the single column applies.
Part B amounts are projected: the statute sets each tier at a fixed multiple of the standard premium, applied here to the Trustees' $209.50 estimate, so they move when CMS announces. Part D add-ons are calculated from the $41.33 2027 base beneficiary premium CMS released on July 28, 2026, under 42 U.S.C. §1395w-113(a)(7); they are paid on top of your drug plan's own premium.
Why some boundaries show two values
The statute averages twelve months of CPI-U, September 2025 through August 2026. The Bureau of Labor Statistics published no October 2025 index because of the lapse in appropriations, so the result depends on how that month is treated. The first tier ($112,000 / $224,000) and the top tier ($500,000 / $750,000) come out the same every way. The middle boundaries do not:
- Tier 2 (single): $141,000 using Treasury's official October 2025 fill (325.604); midpoint of September and November 2025; both windows without October. $142,000 using average of the 11 published months.
- Tier 3 (single): $176,000 using Treasury's official October 2025 fill (325.604); midpoint of September and November 2025; both windows without October. $177,000 using average of the 11 published months.
- Tier 4 (single): $211,000 using Treasury's official October 2025 fill (325.604); midpoint of September and November 2025; both windows without October. $212,000 using average of the 11 published months.
This page plans on the lower figure. It is what three of the four treatments give, including the only official October value any agency has issued (Treasury’s, for inflation-protected bonds), and it never understates a surcharge. Joint boundaries are twice the single ones: $282,000 or $284,000, $352,000 or $354,000, $422,000 or $424,000. CMS’s table in November settles which one applies.
How the 2027 thresholds are calculated
The law fixes the starting amounts ($85,000, $107,000, $133,500 and $160,000 for a single filer) and raises them each year by CPI-U growth since the year ending August 2018, rounded to the nearest $1,000. Joint amounts are twice the single ones, except the top tier, which is 150 percent ($750,000). The $500,000 top tier is not indexed until 2028. In the statute’s words:
“each dollar amount in paragraph (2) or (3) shall be increased by an amount equal to ... the percentage (if any) by which the average of the Consumer Price Index for all urban consumers ... city average) for the 12-month period ending with August of the preceding calendar year exceeds such average for the 12-month period ending with August 2006 (or, in the case of a calendar year beginning with 2020, August 2018).”
“If any dollar amount after being increased under subparagraph (A) or (C) is not a multiple of $1,000, such dollar amount shall be rounded to the nearest multiple of $1,000.”
“Subparagraph (A) shall not apply with respect to each dollar amount in paragraph (3) of $500,000. ... In the case of any calendar year beginning after 2027, each dollar amount in paragraph (3) of $500,000 shall be increased”
The check: the same code, run on published CPI-U, reproduces all 36 of the CMS thresholds for 2024, 2025 and 2026 — single, joint and married filing separately.
| Premium year | CMS single tier floors | Calculated | All statuses match |
|---|---|---|---|
| 2024 | $103,000 / $129,000 / $161,000 / $193,000 | $103,000 / $129,000 / $161,000 / $193,000 | Yes (12 of 12) |
| 2025 | $106,000 / $133,000 / $167,000 / $200,000 | $106,000 / $133,000 / $167,000 / $200,000 | Yes (12 of 12) |
| 2026 | $109,000 / $137,000 / $171,000 / $205,000 | $109,000 / $137,000 / $171,000 / $205,000 | Yes (12 of 12) |
Your 2025 MAGI sets your 2027 premium
This is the part almost nobody leads with. Medicare does not look at this year’s income — it looks back two years. Here is the mapping:
| Premium year | Tax return that sets IRMAA | Can you still change it? |
|---|---|---|
| 2026 | Tax year 2024 | Closed — SSA-44 appeal only |
| 2027 | Tax year 2025 | Closed — SSA-44 appeal only |
| 2028 | Tax year 2026 | Yes — this is the year to plan |
The number to look up is MAGI on your 2025 return: adjusted gross income (Form 1040, line 11) plus tax-exempt interest (line 2a), plus any excluded foreign earned income or housing, education savings-bond interest, and Puerto Rico or American Samoa income (42 U.S.C. §1395r(i)(4)(A)). Nontaxable Social Security is not added.
IRMAA is a cliff, not a slope. Crossing a tier boundary by a single dollar applies the whole surcharge for the year, on both Part B and Part D.
Find your 2027 tier from your 2025 MAGIWhat the final number has actually done
The Trustees’ estimate is built in the spring from projected Part B spending. CMS sets the actual premium in the autumn, after more recent utilization data and any required contingency-reserve top-up. The recent record cuts both ways: the 2026 premium came in at $202.90 against a $206.50 projection, 2025 landed on target, and 2024 came in at $174.70 against $174.80 — all at or below. The 2022 premium, by contrast, came in well above projection after the Aduhelm coverage decision. Treat the projection as an estimate that can move in either direction, not as a floor.
Update trigger: the CMS 2027 Part B premium and deductible announcement, historically around mid-November 2026.
Related tools & guides
Calculator
IRMAA Surcharge Calculator (2027 mode)
Enter your 2025 MAGI: see your 2027 tier and how close you are to the next cliff.
OpenGuide
MAGI Cheat Sheet
Which MAGI definition IRMAA uses, and what counts in it.
ReadGuide
Roth Conversion Planning
Conversion income lands in IRMAA two years later — size it deliberately.
ReadGuide
Required Minimum Distributions
RMDs are taxable income, so they count toward the MAGI that sets IRMAA.
ReadGuide
2027 Social Security COLA
The raise that arrives in January alongside the new Part B premium.
ReadGuide
Medicare IRMAA Guide
Tier tables, Part D surcharges, and the SSA-44 appeal process.
ReadFrequently asked questions
- What is the Medicare Part B premium for 2027?
- The 2026 Medicare Trustees Report estimates the standard 2027 Part B premium at $209.50 per month, up from $202.90 in 2026 — about a 3.25% increase. That is an estimate, not the final figure. CMS announces the binding premium and deductible in a Federal Register notice, historically around mid-November, and the final number can land on either side of the Trustees' estimate.
- What are the 2027 IRMAA brackets?
- For 2027, IRMAA applies when 2025 MAGI is more than $112,000 (single, head of household or qualifying surviving spouse) or $224,000 (married filing jointly). The higher tiers start above $141,000 (or $142,000), $176,000 (or $177,000), $211,000 (or $212,000) single ($282,000 (or $284,000), $352,000 (or $354,000), $422,000 (or $424,000) joint), and the top tier applies at $500,000 or more single and $750,000 or more joint. Married filing separately (lived with your spouse during the year): more than $112,000 lands in tier 4 and $388,000 or more in the top tier. These thresholds are calculated under 42 U.S.C. §1395r(i)(5) from published CPI-U; the same formula reproduces CMS's 2024, 2025 and 2026 thresholds exactly. BLS published no CPI-U for October 2025, and how CMS treats that month moves the tier 2, 3, 4 boundaries by $1,000; the higher alternative is shown in brackets. Part B premiums by tier (projected from the $209.50 standard premium): $293.30 to $712.30 a month.
- What is the Part B deductible for 2027?
- The 2026 Medicare Trustees Report estimates a 2027 Part B deductible of $292 a year (Table V.E2, intermediate estimates), up from $283 in 2026. Like the premium, it is an estimate until CMS announces the binding deductible, historically around mid-November.
- Which tax year sets my 2027 IRMAA?
- Your 2025 federal return. IRMAA uses a two-year lookback on modified adjusted gross income, so the return you filed in early 2026 for tax year 2025 determines your 2027 Part B and Part D surcharges.
- Can I still change my 2027 IRMAA?
- Not by changing 2025 income — that year is closed. You can appeal with Form SSA-44 if you had a qualifying life-changing event such as retirement, work reduction, marriage, divorce or the death of a spouse. What you can still control is 2026 income, which sets your 2028 IRMAA.
- Does a Roth conversion raise my Medicare premium?
- Yes. A conversion is ordinary income and lands in the MAGI used for IRMAA two years later. A conversion done in 2026 can push you into a higher IRMAA tier for 2028. The surcharge is a cliff, not a phase-in — one dollar over a tier boundary applies the entire tier.
Sources & References
Primary references used for this content
2026 Annual Report of the Medicare Boards of Trustees
June 9, 2026 report: 2026 Part B premium $202.90 and an estimated $209.50 for 2027; Table V.E2 estimates a $292 deductible
View on cms.gov
The tiers and their applicable percentages
More than $85,000 but not more than $107,000 ... 35 percent ... More than $107,000 but not more than $133,500 ... 50 percent ... More than $133,500 but not more than $160,000 ... 65 percent ... More than $160,000 but less than $500,000 ... 80 percent ... At least $500,000 ... 85 percent.
View on law.cornell.edu
Joint returns
clause (i) shall be applied by substituting dollar amounts which are twice the dollar amounts otherwise applicable under clause (i) for the calendar year except, with respect to the dollar amounts applied in the last row of the table under subclause (III) of such clause (and the second dollar amount specified in the second to last row of such table), clause (i) shall be applied by substituting dollar amounts which are 150 percent of such dollar amounts for the calendar year.
View on law.cornell.edu
Married individuals filing separate returns
clause (i) shall be applied by reducing each of the dollar amounts otherwise applicable under such clause for the calendar year by the threshold amount for such year applicable to an unmarried individual.
View on law.cornell.edu
Part B monthly adjustment amount
the applicable percentage specified in the applicable table in subparagraph (C) for the individual minus 25 percentage points. ... 200 percent of the monthly actuarial rate for enrollees age 65 and over
View on law.cornell.edu
Part D monthly adjustment amount
for the individual for the calendar year reduced by 25.5 percent (or, for 2030 and each subsequent year, the percent specified under paragraph (9)); by
View on law.cornell.edu
CY 2027 Part D base beneficiary premium
2026 BBP x 1.06 or $38.99 x 1.06 = $41.33
View on cms.gov
October 2025 CPI index number for TIPS (Nov 26, 2025)
Based on the calculations described in the UOC, the index number for October 2025 is 325.604.
View on home.treasury.gov
2026 Medicare Parts A & B Premiums and Deductibles
Greater than $205,000 and less than $500,000 Greater than $410,000 and less than $750,000
View on cms.gov
CPI-U, U.S. city average, all items, not seasonally adjusted
The monthly index the thresholds are calculated from; October 2025 was not published
View on data.bls.gov
Medicare Income-Related Monthly Adjustment Amount — Life-Changing Event
The appeal form when a qualifying life event lowered your income
View on ssa.gov
Part B costs
Official premium, deductible and IRMAA amounts once CMS announces
View on medicare.gov
✓12 primary sources; links re-checked on a weekly rotation by the source watcher
Disclaimer: This calculator provides estimates for educational purposes only. Not tax, legal, or financial advice. Results may vary based on your specific circumstances. Consult a qualified CPA or tax professional for personalized guidance.